Nobel Prize 2020
Hello everyone,
There are many prestigious awards available for inventions but the Nobel Prize has an entirely different position amongst these awards. The Nobel Prizes are one of the most famous and most prestigious awards in respective areas. The Nobel Prizes are given for contribution in respective areas like medicine (physiology), physics, peace, chemistry, and literature. However, today I am going to talk about Nobel Prize History, Nobel Prize 2020 Medicine, and Nobel Prize 2020 Physics. The Nobel Prize 2020 Chemistry is going to be announced after 3 hours while this article is being written, which means by the time this article is published, we should have found our Chemical Laureates.
History of Nobel Prize:
The history is quite interesting because of Alfred Nobel and
his will. Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on October 21, 1833.
Alfred Nobel was not just a mere scientist but a person who loved literature
and had written many poems. A soul of the poet with the brain of scientists. He earned
enough money throughout his life by inventing Dynamite. But when he patented
the Dynamite and made it open to use, he was disappointed. Because Dynamite
was being used as an explosive at that time and he thought that he had founded
something terrible that will harm and damage mankind.
Dynamite is basically an explosive made up of
nitroglycerine, sorbents, and stabilizers (won’t bore readers by using chemical
names anymore). But, over time, Mankind itself invented more dangerous
tools to endanger themselves. We invented missiles, Hydrogen bombs, and Atom
bombs, which were far more dangerous than Dynamite.
However, Alfred wished that He should not be remembered by
the inventor of Dynamite, the destructor of mankind. So, he established the Nobel
Prize. Today, most of the public know the Nobel Prize was established by Alfred
Nobel but don’t know that he invented dynamite. I personally don’t give much
importance to dynamite over Nobel Prize because dynamite is not damaging mankind somehow as other factors are and the deed of the establishment of the Nobel Prize
is far superior to the invention of dynamite. After all, Alfred Nobel did great
work by establishing the Nobel Prize.
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Alfred Nobel |
In his third and last will, he announced that his fortune,
capital should be converted to safe securities and the interest should be given
to the inventors who conferred the greatest benefits to mankind in the previous
year. The will of Alfred Nobel announcing the establishment of the Nobel Prize is cited below…
“All of my remaining realizable assets are to be disbursed
as follows: the capital, converted to safe securities by my executors, is to
constitute a fund, the interest on which is to be distributed annually as
prizes to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. The interest is to be divided into five equal parts and
distributed as follows: one part to the person who made the most important
discovery or invention in the field of physics; one part to the person who made
the most important chemical discovery or improvement; one part to the person
who made the most important discovery within the domain of physiology or
medicine; one part to the person who, in the field of literature, produced the
most outstanding work in an idealistic direction; and one part to the person
who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the
abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion
of peace congresses. The prizes for physics and chemistry are to be awarded by
the Swedish Academy of Sciences; that for physiological or medical achievements
by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm; that for literature by the Academy in
Stockholm; and that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be
selected by the Norwegian Storting. It is my express wish that when awarding
the prizes, no consideration be given to nationality, but that the prize be
awarded to the worthiest person, whether or not they are Scandinavian.”
Field of Prize |
Awarded by: |
|
Physics |
Swedish Academy of Sciences |
|
Chemistry |
Swedish Academy of Sciences |
|
Medicine |
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm |
|
Literature |
Swedish Academy |
|
Peace |
Committee of Five people by Norwegian Storting |
|
Nobel Prize 2020 Medicine:
We have already got our Medical Laureates for the
contribution to the discovery of the Hepatitis C virus which helped in the
treatment of Cirrhosis and Liver cancer. The laureates of Medicine are Michael
Houghton, Harvey Alter, and Charles Rice.
The Nobel Prize is the most dignified award in the area of
medicine. In the duration of the pandemic, where everyone is discussing the
only virus is the Coronavirus, these three scientists are getting the identity for
the discovery of the Hepatitis C virus.
The prize share will be distributed as 1/3 to each of the three
scientists. All of them will get an equal share of prize money.
One interesting incident: When the secretary of Nobel
Assembly Prof. Thomas Perlmann made a call to Alter and Rice, both were
sleeping. Later on, when they were informed of them getting Nobel Prize, both were
shocked.
Nobel Prize 2020 Physics:
This time the Nobel Prize 2020 Physics is going to be
awarded to three scientists. Andrea Ghez, Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel are
getting the Nobel Prize 2020 Physics for revealing the mystery of Black Holes
and Milky Way’s Darkest Secrets as per informed by the official website of
Nobel Prize.
Roger Penrose prepared Mathematical Method for Einstein’s
General Theory of Relativity. On the other hand, Andrea Ghez and Reinhard
Genzel jointly discovered and revealed the mysteries of the Milky Way.
Roger Penrose will get ½ of the prize share while Ghez and
Genzel will get ¼ of the prize share each.
Nobel Prize 2020 Chemistry:
The Noble Prize 2020 Chemistry will be awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna for the development of methods for genome editing.
Both will share 1/2 prize money from the Noble Prize.
Nobel Prize 2020 Literature:
The Nobel Prize 2020 Literature has been awarded to Louise Gluck for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal.
She will get the whole prize money.
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Louise Gluck |
Nobel Prize 2020 Peace:
The Nobel Prize 2020 Peace has not been awarded to a single person but awarded to a whole program. The Peace Prize goes to 'World Food Programme' (WFP) for its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas, and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict.
The prize share they will get is 1/1.
Nobel Prize 2020 Economic Science:
The Nobel Prize 2020 Economics had been awarded to Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats.Conclusion: Nobel Prize 2020 Winner List
Nobel Prize 2020 |
Winners List |
Physics |
Andrea GhezReinhard GenzelRoger Penrose |
Medicine |
Michael HoughtonHarvey AlterCharles Rice |
Chemistry |
Emmanuelle CharpentierJennifer Doudna |
Literature |
Louise Gluck |
Peace |
World Food Programme (WFP) |
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